BMP

Windows Bitmap
File extension	.bmp or .dib
MIME type	image/x-ms-bmp (unofficial)
Type code	'BMP '
Uniform Type Identifier	com.microsoft.bmp
Type of format	Raster graphics

Ing BMP o BMP file format, a ausan da mu namang bitmap o DIB file format (para device-independent bitmap), metung yang image file format a magagamit ba lang isimpan o isinup deng larawan a digital, lalu na kareng operating system a Microsoft Windows ampong OS/2.

Dakal la reng graphical user interface a gagamit bitmap kareng karelang built-in graphics subsystems;^[1] alimbawa, king GDI subsystem da reng platform a Microsoft Windows ampong OS/2, nung nu ing partikular a format a magagamit ya pin ing Windows and OS/2 bitmap file format, a keraklan dirinan dang lagiu ning file extension ning .BMP o .DIB.

Pamagsimpan kareng pixel (Pixel storage)[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

Kareng simpan a BMP a e makasiksik (uncompressed BMP files), at dakal pang aliwang file format a bitmap, misisimpan la reng pixel da reng larawan (image pixels) a maki color depth a 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, o 32 bit balang pixel (bits per pixel). Den namang larawan a 8 bits o mas ditak, maliari la king grayscale o indexed color. Maliari yang isimpan ing metung a alpha channel (para king transparency) king aliwang simpan o file, nung nu ne kawangis ning larawan a grayscale, o king kapat a channel a manalili kareng larawan a 24-bit king 32 bits per pixel.

Deng simpan a bitmap a e makasiksik (anti ing BMP), misna la karagul kesa kareng file format a makasiksik o compressed (king sanu man kareng miyayaliwang paralan) para king pareung larawan. Alimbawa, ing Wikipedia logo a 1058×1058, a maki dagul a manga 287.65 KB king PNG format, 3358 KB ya nung metung yang 24-bit a BMP file. Keraklan, e la bage king pamanalis king [[w:Internet}Aptas]] (Internet) o kareng media.a mangabagal o limitadu king agiu rang dalan.

Paka-ayus la kareng dane (rows) deng bit a magdala kareng bitmap pixel. Dependi king color depth, gumamit yang e kumulang king n/8 bytes (n ing bit depth, uling ing metung a byte katumbas ya king walung bit). Maliari yang tantian ing dagul ning BMP file a n-bit (2ⁿ colors), kayabe ne ing epektu ning pamagumpisa ning balang kataya king angganan a 32-bit, anti kaniti:

{\mbox{rowsize}}=4\cdot {\Big \lfloor }{\frac {(n\cdot {\mbox{width}})+31}{32}}{\Big \rfloor }

, nung nu ing floor function, bibie ne ing least integer a e lati king argument; a ya pin ing bilang da reng dword a 32-bit nung nu ya maliaring ipalub ing metung a dane da reng n-bit pixel; parakalan (multiply) meng makatapat iti, at akua me ing bilang da reng JOBBIES.

{\mbox{filesize}}\approx 54+4\cdot 2^{n}+{\mbox{rowsize}}\cdot {\mbox{height}}

,

nung nu ing tas (height) ampo ing lapad (width) masusukad la kareng pixel.

Ketang formula king babo, ing 54 kasindagul ne ning header king pkabaluan a Windows V3 BMP version (14-byte BMP file header plus 40-byte DIB V3 header); ating aliwang header version a mas maragul o malati kesa kanita. At ing $4\cdot 2^{n}$ kasindagul ne ning color palette; metung yang tantia ing dagul a ini, uling $3\cdot 2^{n}$ bytes ya ing dagul ning color palette king OS/2 V1 version. Den namang aliwang version, dependi ing pamituldu (pamag-define) da king bilang da reng kuleng kailangan ning larawan. Mapaliaring mas ditak la reti kesa king $2^{n}$ .^[2] Bukud mung deng simpan a maki walu o mas ditak a bits per pixel ing gagamit palette; alimbawa, para kareng bitmap a 16-bit (o mas matas), idayu ya itang dakeng tungkul king palette king pamag-karkula:

{\mbox{filesize}}\approx 54+{\mbox{rowsize}}\cdot {\mbox{height}}

Pamangamit king format a BMP[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

Uling simpli ya ing file format a BMP, uling balu reng balu deng gagamit king Windows ampo reng aliwa, uling dakal a misusulat tungkul kaniti, at alang makaing pigaganakan a patent, metung yang maralas magagamit a format, a akikilala da reng image processing program ibat kareng dakal a operating system.

Lipat ning mangaragul la reng simpan a BMP uling ala lang nanumang pangasiksik o compression, maliari nong isiksikdeng dakal a simpan a BMP kapamilatan da reng algorithm a maki lossless data compression, alimbawa ing ZIP, uling maki ulit-ulit la o redundant a data deti.

Deng format a makaugne[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

Pun bulung: Image file formats

Kayawig ne ning BMP ing X Window System, a maki XBM format para kareng larawan a black-and-white, ampong XPM (pixelmap) para kareng larawan a maki kule. Atin muring miyayaliwang format a "raw" o e meprosesu, a mag-save king raw data a yalang aliwang impormasiun. Magagamit la murin deng format a Portable Pixmap (PPM) ampong Truevision TGA, oneng e la masiadung magagamit, o gagamit da la mu para kareng espesial a sangkan. Alimbawa, maliari yang magdalang impormasiun tungkul king transparency ing TGA.

Dakal la pa reng aliwang bitmap file format a magagamit da, oneng e ro gagamitan deti deng keraklan.^[3]

Lon la murin deti[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

Comparison of graphics file formats
Microsoft Paint, a built-in Windows bitmap editor

Dalerayan[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

↑ Julian Smart, Stefan Csomor, and Kevin Hock (2006). Cross-Platform GUI Programming with Wxwidgets. Prentice Hall. ISBN 0131473816.
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named DIBhelp
↑ List of bitmap file types. Search File-Extensions.org.

Suglung palual[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

For a table view of the bitmap file format at sourceforge
Bitmap File Structure
Wotsit.org's entry on the BMP format Archived Pebreru 22, 2008 at the Wayback Machine
An introduction to DIBs (Device Independent Bitmaps)
Example BMP images with various internal formats Archived Juniu 25, 2006 at the Wayback Machine
Bitmap image info
List of programs that support .BMP file
Bitmap entries at File-extensons.org

[1] Julian Smart, Stefan Csomor, and Kevin Hock (2006). Cross-Platform GUI Programming with Wxwidgets. Prentice Hall. ISBN 0131473816.

[DIBhelp-2] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named DIBhelp

[3] List of bitmap file types. Search File-Extensions.org.

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