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Diwata

Ibat king Wikipedia

Ing Diwata king mitolohiya ning Pilipinas alayan ne ning mga diwata, lambana, espiritu ning kalikasan, mga langit a nilalang, at mga diyos king mitolohiya. King katutubong relihiyon, ing terminung iti lalawen na ning mga langit a nilalang at mga espiritu ning kalikasan a e pa maging tau. Ing Diwata makasali king mga espiritu ning bagay, tanom, o hayop, at makasali na reng diyos a magrepresenta ning mga pwersa ning kalikasan o mga abstraktung konsepto, at pati na reng diyos at diyosa king metung a pantheon.

Ing Diwata atin yang mga diyos, diyosa, langit a nilalang, lambana at dakal a aliwang dibino, mala-dibino, at mga importanteng personalidad king klassikal a mitolohiya at katutubong relihiyon ning Pilipinas, a kolektibong tatawaging Diwata, at deng karelang malawak a istorya sumakabilang adwa a gatós a taon at libu-libu pang taon anting pamag-umpisa ning makabago a panahon. [1] [2] [3] Ing terminung Bathala, king kabilyan, mepalyari ya ing "Diwata" bilang pangunang salita para king "mga diyos" at meging kahulugan ning anuman a sobrenatural a nilalang a sinasamba tungkul king pagkontrol ning mga aspeto ning biye o kalikasan. King pamag-umpisa ning panaun, ing Bathala (o Bathalà/Maykapál) magsalikut ya king Diyos Kristiano at meging synonymous ya king Diyós. [4] [2] [1] [5]


Kayaldawan a panintu

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Ing mitolohiyang tau, kayabe deng diyos-diyosan Diwata, bayani, at aliwa pang makalagwang tau. Bawat tribu o grupung etniko atin lang sariling pantheon da reng diyos-diyosan. Daramdaman deng aliwa-aliwa a grupu atin lang kaparehong lagyu o katangian deng diyos, pero e la parehas o iisa.[6] Ing pamagsalikut-salikut da reng importanteng tau makikitang matekung halimbawa, anti mo keng Ifugao pantheon, a keng metung a pantheon mu, sukat sukatan deng diyos dakal a lampas 1,500. Atin dakal a lalampas keng 100 a makasadyang pantheon king Pilipinas.[7]

Ing mitolohiya at katutubung relihiyun king Pilipinas, magkalupa man at makasaup-saup, atin lang dakal a pagkakaiba.[8] Ing Mythology, metung yang pamuntuk a koleksyun da reng kwentu a magsalaysay nung makananu ing yatu, deng kasalesayan a kapanyawsan, at deng gagawan da reng diyos, espiritu, at bayani. Magsilbing pamagsalaysay da reng kapampangan kultura a mayap ayari kareng kapaniwala da reng tau. Ing Folk religion, kabaligtaran, sumasaklaw keng pamanyadyi, ritwal, pamag-pamanyulat a moral, at aral a atyu king ugat ning kapaniwalan.[9] Ing mitolohiya kayabe ya king dakal a bahagi ning relihiyun, samantalang ing relihiyun mas malawak, atin yang sambu, ritwal, at pamuntukan a pamagaral. Bawat grupung etniko atin lang general a lagyu a gagamitan para tukilan deng diyos o metung sub-grupu da reng diyos, a dakal kareng grupu deng gamit a lagyu. King Pilipinas, deng pre-colonial mythology, sobrang makasaup king katutubung relihiyun, a ing balang tribu atin lang sariling pantheon da reng diyos, espiritu da reng ninunu, at espiritu ning kinaiyahan. Halimbawa, deng "diwata" gagamitan para king diyos, diyosa, at celestial beings, samantalang ing "anito" gagamitan keng espiritu da reng ninunu o aliwang malating diyos. Dapot, deng gamit da reng kataga, mag-iba-iba depende keng lugar o grupung etniko.[10][1][2]

Ania man ing tutuking mitolohiya keng kwentu da reng tau at diyos, ing folk religion atin yang ritwal a panalangin o pamagsadyi para karela. Aliwang grupu sumamba kareng sukad a diyos, aliwa naman maggalang kareng espiritu ning kalikasan at pamibyebye. King paglipas ning panaun, deng mitos naging alamat o kuwentu nalang, lalu na nung minawaldas ya king relijiyusung ugat na.[11] Ing pamanyalikut da ning Islam at Kristianismu pekibaitan deng katutubung kapaniwalan, dapot dakal deng aspeto ning mitolohiya at folk religion king Pilipinas ing menatili at mikikibat kareng bayung kapanampalatayan. Agpang keng makuyad a kasaysayan ning pananakop, meging kayabe la pa rin kareng kultura ning Pilipinu deng kwentu da reng diyos, espiritu, at bayani, a makikikilala keng pagkasundong magkaiba deng mitolohikal a salaysay at deng espiritwal a gawi.[12][3]

Aliwa-aliwa deng grupung etniko atin lang pantheon a lalakaran ning sukad a diyos (o aliwang diyos), samantalang aliwa naman maggalang kareng espiritu da reng ninunu at/o deng espiritu ning kalikasan, a atin lang pamuntuk a diyos dapot alang itang lubus a sukad a diyos a asik king karelang divinidad.[10] King bansa, ing mas laganap a kataga kayabe ya ing anito. Ing katagang ita mas makasalesayan pa keng pagkakaiba: deng ninunu o anito (espiritu da reng ninunu)[2] at deng diwata (diyos, diyosa, at aliwang diyos-diyosan), kahit dakal beses mag-iba-iba ing kabaldugan da depende kareng tribu o grupu.[13][3][14]

Diwata kareng Etnikung Pangkat - Espiritung Kalikasan ampong bathala o dyus

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Tagno ning Diwata Agusan image (900–950 AD) a diskubri anyang 1917 king pangpang ning ilug Wawa Esperanza, Agusan del Sur, Mindanao. Erespitu yang tatanggap deng tau bilang imahi ning Diwata, at makalage ya king American Field Museum

King aliwang etnikung pangkat, deng espiritung ali man naging tau atin lang lagyu a diwata. Deti deng espiritu atin dang:

  1. Simpleng espiritu a mamantabe kareng banwa, tanam, animal, o lugar,[2][15]
  2. Deng dyus a magrepresenta kareng abstractung konseptu o natural a phenomena,[2][16]
  3. Dyus a kayabe king grupu da reng bathala o dyus (pantheon).[17][18]

Deng diwata daraptan mu king aliwa-aliwang lagyu anti mu dewatu, divata, duwata, ruwata, dewa, dwata, at diya king aliwang amanung Pilipinu. Ing amanu a diwa king Tagalog (makayaliwa, "espiritu" o "isip") menibatan ya king Sanskrit a devata (देवता) o devá (देव), a mangangahulugan "dyus" o "taga-langit". Ing lagyu a diwata pamagsalikut ning Hindu-Budistang pamanyaup king Pilipinas kapamilatan ning Srivijaya at Majapahit.[2][19]

Agpang kareng aliwang pangkat-etniko, magsalikut-salikut no nung ninung espiritu ing tatagumpe kareng diwata. King aliwang pangkat anti la reng B'laan, Cuyonon Visayan, at Tagalog, ing Diwata kayabe ya king kataas-taasang dyus king karelang pantheon, uling aliwa-aliwa deng tawag da kareng espiritu a ali tau.[2][3][19]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Proceedings of the International Congress on Rizal, December 4–8, 1961. Jose Rizal National Centennial Commission, Manila, 1962. Pp. xxvii, 496.". Journal of Southeast Asian History (1): 133–135. March 1965. doi:10.1017/s0217781100002623. ISSN 0217-7811. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0217781100002623. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 (2017) Ancient beliefs and customs of the Tagalogs.  Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Patricia, Patricia; Buitrago Palacios, Nátali (2014-12-30). "Los opositores en el proceso de restitución de tierras: análisis cuantitativo de la jurisprudencia, 2012-2014". Revista de Derecho Público (33): 1–34. doi:10.15425/redepub.33.2014.29. ISSN 1909-7778. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://doi.org/10.15425/redepub.33.2014.29.  Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content
  4. ↑ Patricia, Patricia; Buitrago Palacios, Nátali (2014-12-30). "Los opositores en el proceso de restitución de tierras: análisis cuantitativo de la jurisprudencia, 2012-2014". Revista de Derecho Público (33): 1–34. doi:10.15425/redepub.33.2014.29. ISSN 1909-7778. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://doi.org/10.15425/redepub.33.2014.29. 
  5. ↑ "El triunfo de Hunahpue Ixbalanque: paradigma del renacimiento en la religión de los mayas". Estudios Latinoamericanos: 11–44. 1984-12-31. doi:10.36447/estudios1984.v9.art1. ISSN 0137-3080. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://doi.org/10.36447/estudios1984.v9.art1. 
  6. ↑ Jocano, F. L. (1969). Philippine Mythology. Quezon City: Capitol Publishing House Inc.
  7. ↑ Barton, R. F. (1946). The Religion of the Ifugaos, Volumes 65–68. American Anthropological Assn.
  8. ↑ (2012-03-22) "Myth-Ritual-Symbol", A Companion to Folklore, 119–135. DOI:10.1002/9781118379936.ch6. ISBN 978-1-4051-9499-0. 
  9. ↑ Leeming, David (2001-11-29), Introduction, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 3–26, doi:10.1093/0195142888.003.0001, ISBN 0-19-514288-8, https://doi.org/10.1093/0195142888.003.0001, retrieved on 2025-02-13 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Zaide, S. M. (1999). The Philippines: A Unique Nation. All-Nations Publishing.
  11. ↑ Segal, Robert A. (2015-07-23). "Introduction. Theories of Myth". Very Short Introductions. doi:10.1093/actrade/9780198724704.003.0001. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198724704.003.0001. 
  12. ↑ Despotis, Athanasios (2022-02-25). "Religious and Philosophical Conversion in Paul and John", Religious and Philosophical Conversion in the Ancient Mediterranean Traditions. BRILL, 315–341. DOI:10.1163/9789004501775_014. ISBN 978-90-04-50177-5. 
  13. ↑ Scott, W. H. (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
  14. ↑ Halili, M. C. N. (2004). Philippine History. Rex Bookstore, Inc.
  15. ↑ Royle, Stephen (2018-11-30). Tips from the blog XI: docx to pdf.
  16. ↑ Royle, Stephen (2018-11-30). Tips from the blog XI: docx to pdf.
  17. ↑ Royle, Stephen (2018-11-30). Tips from the blog XI: docx to pdf.
  18. ↑ Scott, William Henry (2004). Barangay: sixteenth century Philippine culture and society, 5. pr, Manila: Ateneo de Manila Univ. Pr. ISBN 978-971-550-135-4. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Royle, Stephen (2018-11-30). Tips from the blog XI: docx to pdf.
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