Jump to content

Diwata (Mitolohiya Filipino)

Ibat king Wikipedia

Ing Divata (a kilala mu naman antimong Duwata, Dewata, Ruwata, Diya, Dewa, at aliwa pang kaparehong lagyu) metung yang daung lagyu a gagamit para king Diwata, metung a pangkalahatang katagang gamit king Filipinas para karelang diyos, diyosa, espiritu ning kalikasan, nimpa, at engkantada o engkantado. Deng aliwang espiritu a e pa milalang tau, makiiba la kareng aliwang pangkat-etnolinguistiko at tawad dang diwata. Reng diwata a reni makasakop la manibat kareng simple espiritung mamantabe o mamantabe kareng bague, tanaman, hayupan, o lugar, anggang kareng diyos a talatandanan da reng abstraktung konseptu at likas a pangyayari, at maging kareng banal a nilalang a kabage kareng panteon [1] [2]

Etimolohiya

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

Ing katagang divata (ampong deng kaparehung salita antimong dewatu, duwata, diya, dwata) mibait ya manibat king salita a Sanskrit a devatā (देवता) o deva (देव), a kayang kayabe ing kay meaning a “diyos” o “banal a nilalang”.[3] Ing pamana ning amanung iti bunga ne ning e deretsung palitang kultural at religiosu king pagitan da ring Kapulungan ning Pilipinas at ning Timog Asya, a pepakitna da reng Hindu-Buddhist a kaharian king Timog-Silangan Asya antimong Srivijaya Empire ampong Majapahit Empire.[4] King Tagalog, ing kaparehong kataga a diwa kayang kayabe ing meaning a “espiritu” o “esensya”, a makapokus king espiritwal a kahulugan.[5]

Katangian

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

Paniwalang manuknangan deng divata kareng ali-aliwang karinan ampong larangan ning kalikasan at ning espiritwal a yatu. Ing karelang gampanan ampong katangian dakal at e pare-pareho:

Deng espiritu ning kalikasan: deng tagapangalaga da reng pun, ilug, bunduk, o hayupan.[6]

Deng engkantada: king makabayung Tagalog, ing diwata kayabe ing kay meaning a engkanta o nimpa. Tumutukoy la kareng espiritu ning kalikasan ampong deng engkantada o diwata a atin dakal a kagandahan, antimong i Maria Makiling.[7][8]

Deng diyos ning abstraktung konseptu: antimong kasaganaan, digmaan, o kalusugan.[2]

Deng miyembro ning panteon: deng matas a ranggung diyos a kilala da reng aliwang etnikung grupo, at atin lang makasulap a ritwal ampong handog.[1]

Atin deng divata a mabuti a kaladwa, a telatawag para king pamangalaga at bendisyon, dapot atin namang e man makaba't keng mabuting layun, rason nung bakit lalapit la reng tau kareng ritwal a pangpakalme o handog.[5]

Mitolohiyang Pilipino

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

King Mitolohiyang Pilipino, deng Diwata tumutukoy la kareng engkantada, espiritu ning kalikasan, metung a nilalang a makalangit, at deng diyos ning mitolohiya. King relihiyung bayan, lalong tumutukoy la kareng espiritu at banal a nilalang a e pa milalang tau. Pwede lang maging tagapangalaga da reng bague, halaman, hayupan, o metung a diyos a tatambal kareng puwersa ning kalikasan, kaisipan, o dakal pang diyos kareng panteon.[9][10][11][12]

Ing Pagdiwata metung yang ritwal ning pamagparangal, pamangadyi, ampong pamagsamba kareng diyos at espiritu ning kalikasan.[13]

Ing makabayung pamanigaral da reng Pilipinu king “diwata” kayabe ne deng kay meaning a antimong engkantada, musa, nimpa, diyosa ning kakahuyan, o maging metung a diyos o diyosa.[14][15] Paniwalang mibait ya ing salita manibat king Sanskrit a devata (diyos o diyosa).[16]

King alamat ampong mitolohiya, deng diwata kadalasan a mekapantay o mekaugnay kareng engkanta a teluki lambana.[17][18][19]

King makabayung Tagalog, ing diwata kayabe ing kay meaning a engkantada o nimpa. Tumutukoy la kareng espiritu ning kalikasan a atin dakal a kagandahan, antimong i Maria Makiling.[20][21] Deng espiritu a e pa milalang tau mekaiba la kareng aliwang etniko bilang diwata. Pwede la maging simple espiritu ning metung a bague, halaman, hayupan, o lugar,[note 1] anggang maging deng diyos a tatambal kareng abstraktung konseptu ampong likas a penomena,[note 2] at maging deng diyos a kayabe kareng panteon.[note 3]

Kilalanan da naman la king ali-aliwang lagyu antimong dewatu, divata, duwata, ruwata, dewa, dwata, diya, ampong aliwa pa kareng amanung Pilipinu (kayabe ing Tagalog a diwa, a kabang kayabe meaning “espiritu” o “esensya”); nganing makasulhi la kareng Sanskrit a devata (देवता) o devá (देव), a kayabe meaning “diyos o diyosa”. Deng katagang iti bunga da ning pagsasanib da reng paniniwalang Hindu-Budista king pamamilatan ning palitang kultural (king pa-itan da reng Srivijaya ampong Majapahit) king pagitan ning Pilipinas ampong Timog Asya.[1][22]

E mu rin pare-pareho deng nilalang a itinuturing a diwata kareng aliwang etniko. King aliwa antimong B'laan, Cuyonon, Visayans, ampong Tagalog, ing Diwata tumutukoy ya king kataas-taasang diyos king karelang panteon,[note 4] rason nung bakit atin lang aliwang lagyu para kareng espiritung e tau.[1][22]

Antimong kareng espiritu ning ninunu, telatawag deng diwata king pamamilatan da reng magalang a pamagat ning kapamaganakan nung lalapit la direkta, antimong apo (“matua”) o nunu (“ninunu”).[22][23]

Sikat a ladawan ning metung a Diwata, i Maria Sinukuan, metung a kilalang diwata king mitolohiyang Pilipinu at alamat.

Reperensya

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]
  1. 1 2 3 4 Scott, William Henry (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth-Century Philippine Culture and Society. Ateneo de Manila University Press, 203–207. ISBN 978-9715501354. 
  2. 1 2 Jocano, F. Landa (1969). Philippine Mythology. Centro Escolar University Research and Development Center, 115–120. 
  3. ↑ Javellana, Renato (1984). "Sanskrit Loanwords in Philippine Languages". Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society 12 (2): 85–94.
  4. ↑ Junker, Laura L. (1999). Raiding, Trading, and Feasting: The Political Economy of Philippine Chiefdoms. University of Hawaii Press, 321–325. ISBN 978-0824820341. 
  5. 1 2 Demetrio, Francisco R. (1991). Encyclopedia of Philippine Folk Beliefs and Customs. Giraffe Books, 278–280. 
  6. ↑ Eugenio, Damitila Ramos (1994). Philippine Folk Literature: The Myths. University of the Philippines Press, 55–60. ISBN 9789715420617. 
  7. ↑ Perdon, Renato (2012). Pocket Tagalog Dictionary: Tagalog-English English-Tagalog. Tuttle Publishing, 2012. ISBN 978-1-4629-0983-4
  8. ↑ Lanuza, Michelle, The Legend of Maria Makiling, archived from the original on 2007-10-02, retrieved September 30, 2007
  9. ↑ Error on call to Template:cite web: Parameters url and title must be specifiedEslit, Edgar R. (2023-06-20). .
  10. ↑ People: January/February 2025. 2025-01-06. doi:10.1044/leader.ppl.30012025.members-news-january.14. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://doi.org/10.1044/leader.ppl.30012025.members-news-january.14. Retrieved on 2025-01-24.
  11. ↑ Owen, Norman G. (February 1998). "Historical Dictionary of the Philippines. By Artemio R. Guillermo and May Kyi Win . Lanham, Md.: The Scarecrow Press, 1997. xi, 363 pp. $62.00." (in en). The Journal of Asian Studies 57 (1): 273–275. doi:10.2307/2659094. ISSN 0021-9118. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://read.dukeupress.edu/journal-of-asian-studies/article/57/1/273/336734.
  12. ↑ Tilman, Robert O. (February 1971). "The Philippines in 1970: A Difficult Decade Begins" (in en). Asian Survey 11 (2): 139–148. doi:10.2307/2642713. ISSN 0004-4687. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. http://caliber.ucpress.net/doi/abs/10.1525/as.1971.11.2.01p0079e.
  13. ↑ Scott, William Henry (2004). Barangay: sixteenth century Philippine culture and society, 5. pr, Manila: Ateneo de Manila Univ. Pr. ISBN 978-971-550-135-4. 
  14. ↑ Andrews, Roy Chapman (1916). [Mammal field catalog]. [s.n.]. DOI:10.5962/bhl.title.147302. 
  15. ↑ Afanasyeva, N. D. (2022-03-28). "The Third Skvortsov Readings". Concept: Philosophy, Religion, Culture 6 (1): 170–172. doi:10.24833/2541-8831-2022-1-21-170-172. ISSN 2619-0540.
  16. ↑ Daniélou, Alain (1991). The Myths and Gods of India: The Classic Work on Hindu Polytheism from the Princeton Bollingen Series. Rochester: Inner Traditions International, Limited. ISBN 978-0-89281-354-4. 
  17. ↑ admin (2019-10-05). Entering Lambana's mythical realm (en-US).
  18. ↑ Clark, Jordan (2016-03-03). The Diwata of Philippine Mythology | Ancestors, Spirits, & Deities (en-US).
  19. ↑ www.wisdomlib.org (1970-01-01). Lambana: Significance and symbolism (en).
  20. ↑ Perdon, Renato (2012). Pocket Tagalog Dictionary: Tagalog-English English-Tagalog. Tuttle Publishing, 2012. ISBN 978-1-4629-0983-4
  21. ↑ Lanuza, Michelle, The Legend of Maria Makiling, archived from the original on 2007-10-02, retrieved September 30, 2007
  22. 1 2 3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named hislop
  23. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named kroeber
  1. ↑ hal. Nuno sa punso, metung a anitu a anti-mong duwende a manuknangan kareng punso; at i Dayang Masalanta, ing Tagalog a diwata ning Bundok Makiling
  2. ↑ hal. Mayari, ing diyosa ning bulan da reng Tagalog; Barangaw, ing Bisayang diyos ning bahaghari; ampong Makapatag, Bisayang diyos ning pamangiganti
  3. ↑ hal. Bathala, ing pinakadakul a diyos da reng Tagalog; Magbabaya, ing kataas-taasang Lalang da reng Lumad; ampong Pilandok, metung a trickster spirit da reng Maranao
  4. ↑ Mekaiwa da reng Tagalog i Diwata, ing unibersal a kataas-taasang nilalang, kang Bathala, ing diyos ning bie a itinuturing dang dakal a diyos (Hislop, 1971)
Cite error: <ref> tags exist for a group named "note", but no corresponding <references group="note"/> tag was found
Mekua ya king "https://pam.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diwata_(Mitolohiya_Filipino)&oldid=310890"